for...of

The for...of statement creates a loop Iterating over iterable objects (including Array, Map, Set, arguments object and so on), invoking a custom iteration hook with statements to be executed for the value of each distinct property.

Syntax

for (variable of object) {
  statement
}

variable: On each iteration a value of a different property is assigned to variable.
object: Object whose enumerable properties are iterated.

Examples

Difference between `for...of` and `for...in`

The following example shows the difference between a for...of loop and a for...in loop. While for...in iterates over property names, for...of iterates over property values:

let arr = [3, 5, 7];
arr.foo = "hello";

for (let i in arr) {
   console.log(i); // logs "0", "1", "2", "foo"
}

for (let i of arr) {
   console.log(i); // logs "3", "5", "7"
}

Using `Array.prototype.forEach()`

To get the same property values the for...of loop would return, you can also use the Array.prototype.forEach() method:

let arr = [3, 5, 7];
arr.foo = "hello";

arr.forEach(function (element, index) {
    console.log(element); // logs "3", "5", "7"
    console.log(index);   // logs "0", "1", "2"
});

// or with Object.keys()

Object.keys(arr).forEach(function (element, index) {
    console.log(arr[element]); // logs "3", "5", "7", "hello"
    console.log(arr[index]);   // logs "3", "5", "7", undefined
});

Iterating over DOM collections

Iterating over DOM collections like : the following example adds a read class to paragraphs that are direct descendants of an article:

// Note: This will only work in platforms that have
// implemented NodeList.prototype[Symbol.iterator]
let articleParagraphs = document.querySelectorAll("article > p");

for (let paragraph of articleParagraphs) {
  paragraph.classList.add("read");
}

Iterating over generators

You can also iterate over generators:

function* fibonacci() { // a generator function
    let [prev, curr] = [0, 1];
    while (true) {
        [prev, curr] = [curr, prev + curr];
        yield curr;
    }
}

for (let n of fibonacci()) {
    console.log(n);
    // truncate the sequence at 1000
    if (n >= 1000) {
        break;
    }
}

[1] From Chrome 29 to Chrome 37 this feature was available behind a preference. In chrome://flags/#enable-javascript-harmony, activate the entry “Enable Experimental JavaScript”.

[2] From Gecko 17 (Firefox 17 / Thunderbird 17 / SeaMonkey 2.14) to Gecko 26 (Firefox 26 / Thunderbird 26 / SeaMonkey 2.23 / Firefox OS 1.2) the iterator property was used (bug 907077), and from Gecko 27 to Gecko 35 the "@@iterator" placeholder was used. In Gecko 36 (Firefox 36 / Thunderbird 36 / SeaMonkey 2.33), the @@iterator symbol got implemented (bug 918828).

Created by Mozilla Contributors and licensed under CC-BY-SA 2.5

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